The turmoil in the financial markets has created a highly challenging environment for the U.S. insurance industry, forcing many companies to take immense write-downs. This trend is expected to continue at least through the first half of 2010, though there are some early signs of an economic recovery. Also, structural economies of scale have pushed the industry toward consolidation.
While enormous financial support from the government rescued AIG (AIG) from collapsing, many other firms remain under tremendous pressure or have not been able to survive. Competition within the segments of the industry has reduced as a result of rising mergers and acquisitions. This has increased the market shares of the largest firms.
We expect growth to be stuck with persistent soft market conditions and an ongoing market crisis, resulting in further consolidation in the industry. However, we expect the overall condition to improve in the second half of 2010, should an economic recovery accelerate.
Life Insurers
Continued losses in the investment portfolio and lower income from the variable annuity business will continue to hurt earnings of life insurers. Most life insurers have substantial exposure to commercial-real-estate-backed loans and securities, which will result in further losses in the coming quarters.
As the industry’s statutory capital levels fell sharply, some companies were trying to raise capital through the Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP). In May 2009, the Treasury approved six life insurers for capital infusion under TARP. Hartford Financial Services Group Inc. (HIG) and Lincoln Financial Group (LNC) received federal aid. The other four insurers, Prudential Financial (PRU), Principal Financial Group (PFG), Allstate Corporation (ALL) and Ameriprise Financial (AMP), decided not to accept bailout funds.
Health Insurers
The U.S. health care system is significantly dependent on private health insurance, which is the primary source of coverage for most Americans. Approximately 58% of Americans have private health insurance. Unfortunately, these insurance companies utilize a pre-existing exemption clause in order to control costs and maximize profit.
On Nov. 7, 2009, the House of Representatives passed a sweeping health care bill. The legislation includes changes that would prevent private insurance companies from using the pre-existing condition clause. Additionally, it would provide the government the power to negotiate policy premiums for those who opt to participate in the public option. If enacted, the move would mean greater federal involvement in the industry.
Property & Casualty Insurers
Insurers’ losses from natural disasters surged in 2008, with maximum losses resulting from Hurricane Ike (insured losses of approximately $15 billion). Six storms — Dolly, Edouard, Fay, Gustav, Hanna and Ike — hit the U.S. coast last year, after two years of mild activity.
Major catastrophe losses of 2008 resulted in significant deterioration of the underwriting results, and steep losses in the investment portfolios since the beginning of 2008 significantly reduced the capital adequacy of most insurers.
During the first nine months of 2009, the seizure of credit markets and rising concerns over defaults pushed bond prices down sharply, causing significant realized and unrealized capital losses on insurer portfolios. Holding two-thirds of the invested assets in the form of bonds, the capacity of the Property & Casualty insurers is highly sensitive to changes in credit market conditions. While a modest recovery of credit and equity markets may lead to a reduction in the unrealized investment losses in the upcoming quarters, the premium rates continued to decline, though at a slower pace.
Reduced financial flexibility and weak underwriting and reserves have further added to the woes. The only positive trend visible as of now is a slight improvement in some insurance pricing after continued deterioration during the last couple of years.
Reinsurers
Losses from the investment portfolios of reinsurance companies have surged during the last few quarters. During the second half of 2008, the underwriting profits were severely hurt by Hurricanes Ike and Gustav. However, the pricing has improved during the first nine months of 2009 and is expected to remain firm going forward.
With the signs of recovery in the capital market (though still weak by any means), the concerns related to reinsurers’ ability to access the capital markets on reasonable terms has sufficiently alleviated. Considering this fact, along with the relative improvement in macroeconomic conditions and better financial performance of reinsurance companies, Fitch Ratings has revised its outlook on the global reinsurance industry to stable from negative in Nov. 2009.
The rating agency has also cited that the reinsurance sector’s credit quality is less sensitive to macroeconomic factors than that of many other financial services sectors. The agency notes that asset values of reinsurers have improved markedly over the last six months. However, we expect slightly less favorable reserve development trends in the upcoming quarters as there are lingering concerns about the overall economy.
OPPORTUNITIES
We remain positive on reinsurer PartnerRe Ltd. (PRE) due to its excellent underwriting abilities, strong capitalization, solid ratings and reputation in the market, which will enable it to take advantage of the stronger demand and better pricing being witnessed currently. We also have strong Outperform ratings on Nymagic Inc. (NYM), The Travelers Companies, Inc. (TRV) and United America Indemnity, Ltd. (INDM).
WEAKNESSES
Currently, we do not have any Sell recommendations on insurance stocks under our coverage, in view of the limited downside potential at this time. However, due to some concerns, we are maintaining our Neutral recommendations on AFLAC Inc. (AFL), Amerisafe, Inc. (AMSF), Hartford Financial Services (HIG) and PMI Group (PMI).Zacks Investment Research
