The bailouts of the US financial and auto sectors cost the US taxpayer measurable amounts of money. Some of the companies that were lent to will go bankrupt, and some are in the process of paying back their government loans; in the end, the eventual taxpayer cost will be known.
It would now seem quite hypocritical for the US to argue that free markets should decide which companies should survive. Just last year, the US threatened sanctions against China for export subsidies on textiles. If China can make a case which parallels the arguments the US uses to justify bailing out domestic auto makers (e.g. the threat of widespread unemployment, serious harm to the economy etc.), does the US have any moral authority anymore?
It would seem that for the foreseeable future, countries will be able to justify bailouts of certain industries. Any government that wishes to bail out certain industries or companies which are headquartered in its jurisdiction is now free to do so.